Patterns are in essence solutions to problems. Most of them are expressed in a format called
Alexandrian form which draws on constructs used by Christopher Alexander. There are variants but most look like this:
- The pattern name
- The problem the pattern is trying to solve
- Context
- Solution
- Examples
- Design rationale: This tells where the pattern came from, why it works, and why experts use it
Patterns rarely stand alone. Each pattern works on a context, and transforms the system in that context to produce a new system in a new context. New problems arise in the new system and context, and the next ‘‘layer’’ of patterns can be applied. A pattern language is a structured collection of such patterns that build on each other to transform needs and constraints into an architecture.
The latest POSA book Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture Volume 4: A Pattern Language for Distributed Computing
will guide the readers through the best practices and introduce them to key areas of building distributed software systems using patterns.The book pulls together 114 patterns and shows how to use them in the context of distributed software architectures. Although somewhat theoretical it is still a great resource for practicing distributed-systems architects. It is as close as you're going to get to a one-stop "encyclopedia" of patterns relevant to distributed computing. However it is not a true encyclopedia since "over 150" patterns are referenced but not described in POSA Volume 4. The book does not go into the details of the pattern's implementations, so the reader should already be familiar with the patterns, or be prepared to spend some time researching.
The pattern language for distributed computing includes patterns such as:
- Broker
- Client-Dispatcher-Server
- Pipes and Filters
- Leaders/Followers
- Reactor
- Proactor
Patterns can indeed be useful in designing highly scalable systems and solving various problems related to concurrency, synchronization and resource management and other topics.
Wikipedia has more details on Pattern languages to check out.