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In the scalability is specialization department here is an interesting paper presented at HotNets '13 on high performance networking: Network Stack Specialization for Performance.
The idea is generalizing a service so it fits in the kernel comes at a high performance cost. So move TCP into user space. The result is a web server with ~3.5x the throughput of Nginx "while experiencing low CPU utilization, linear scaling on multicore systems, and saturating current NIC hardware."
Here's a good description of the paper published on Layer 9: